آشنایی با Cisco CW9172 Day-0 Workflow، Persona Selection و Fast Offline Migration (FOM) – قسمت 2

مرجع: https://www.cisco.com/c/en/us/td/docs/wireless/access_point/technical-reference/cw9172-dg.html

نقطه دسترسی Cisco Catalyst 9172I پشتیبانی می کند FOM (مهاجرت آفلاین سریع)یک مکانیسم سیسکو که برای خانواده جدید Wi-Fi 7 AP (سری CW917x) طراحی شده است تا انتقال از حالت ابری Meraki به حالت کنترل کننده Catalyst را تسریع کند.

FOM چه مشکلی را حل می کند؟

AP CW917x هستند “ترکیبی” APهای قادر به کار در:

• حالت مدیریت ابری Meraki
• حالت مبتنی بر کنترلر Cisco Catalyst

پیش‌فرض وقتی جدید است CW917x AP راه اندازی می شود، ابتدا سعی می کند به ابر Meraki برسد. اگر اتصال ابری خراب شود، AP تقریباً منتظر می‌ماند 8 دقیقه قبل از بازگشت به روش های کشف کاتالیست.

این تاخیر در موارد زیر مشکل ساز می شود:

• مهاجرت های براون فیلد
• صحنه سازی
• شبکه های ایزوله
• محیط های بدون دسترسی به اینترنت

FOM این تاخیر را دور می زند.

FOM در واقع چه کاری انجام می دهد؟

FOM گزینه های جدید کشف DHCP/DNS را معرفی می کند که به AP می گوید:

سعی نکنید به ابر Meraki بپیوندید. فوراً به Catalyst WLC بپیوندید.

به جای منتظر ماندن برای زمان پایان ابر، AP بلافاصله یک کشف CAPWAP را برای کنترل کننده Catalyst آغاز می کند.

گزینه DHCP 43 Diff

کشف سنتی کاتالیست AP:

f1  

کشف FOM:

f3   

کجا:

• f1 = تشخیص AP قدیمی
• f3 = مهاجرت آفلاین سریع
• حالت:
  • 01 = مراکی
  • 02 = کاتالیزور

برای Cisco FOM DHCP Option 43، منطق ریاضی WLC به صورت زیر است:

Length = (# of WLC IPs × 4) + 1

چرا:

• هر آدرس IPv4 = 4 بایت
• فیلد حالت = 1 بایت
• مجموع = همه بایت های کنترل کننده + بایت حالت

مثال ها:

مثال – 2 WLC:

172.16.1.24
172.16.1.25

تبدیل به هگزادسیمال:

ac100118
ac100119

ریاضی:

L=(2×4)+1=9

اعشاری 9 → هگزادسیمال 09

رشته FOM نهایی:

f309ac100118ac10011902

تفکیک:

حالت Meraki با:

01

حالت کاتالیست با:

02

سوئیچ سیسکو – مثال DHCP

ip dhcp pool Cisco-WIFI-7-DHCP-OPTIONS
شبکه 10.0.210.0 255.255.255.192
روتر پیش فرض 10.0.210.1
گزینه 43 هگز f305.0a00.cf11.02
dns-server 10.0.206.21

[*08/04/2025 00:00:48.3464] ethernet_port wired0، ip 10.0.210.31netmask 255.255.255.192، gw 10.0.210.1، mtu 1500، bcast 10.0.210.63، dns1 10.0.206.21، vid 0، static_ip_failover false، dhccoverp_v

[*08/04/2025 00:01:44.3580] Wait for 60 seconds for PNP

[*08/04/2025 00:01:44.3580] 

[*08/04/2025 00:01:45.5558] touch /tmp/geo_loc_gnss_fix

[*08/04/2025 00:01:49.3842] PNP:Server not reachable, Start CAPWAP Discovery

[*08/04/2025 00:01:49.3978] 

[*08/04/2025 00:01:49.3978] CAPWAP State: Discovery

[*08/04/2025 00:01:49.3993] Got WLC address 10.0.207.17 from DHCP.

[*08/04/2025 00:01:49.4166] Discovery Request sent to 10.0.207.17, discovery type DHCP(2)

[*08/04/2025 00:01:49.4318] Discovery Response from 10.0.207.17

[*08/04/2025 00:01:49.4322] Discovery Request sent to 255.255.255.255, discovery type UNKNOWN(0)

[*08/04/2025 00:01:49.4509] CAPWAP State: Discovery

[*05/11/2026 13:07:54.0000] Started wait dtls timer (60 sec)

[*05/11/2026 13:07:54.0107] CAPWAP State: DTLS Setup

[*05/11/2026 13:07:54.0999] First connect to vWLC, accept vWLC by default

[*05/11/2026 13:07:54.1028] dtls_verify_server_cert: vWLC is using SSC, returning 1

[*05/11/2026 13:07:54.8265] CAPWAP State: Join

[*05/11/2026 13:07:54.8401] shared_setenv PART_BOOTCNT 0 &> /dev/null

[*05/11/2026 13:07:55.7999] Sending Join request to 10.0.207.17 through port 5264, packet size 1376

[*05/11/2026 13:07:55.8096] Join Response from 10.0.207.17, packet size 1397

[*05/11/2026 13:07:55.8097] AC accepted previous sent request with result code: 0

[*05/11/2026 13:07:55.8098] Received wlcType 0, timer 30

[*05/11/2026 13:07:56.0166] CAPWAP State: Image Data

[*05/11/2026 13:07:56.0174] AP image version 17.15.3.28 backup 17.15.3.28, Controller 17.15.5.201

[*05/11/2026 13:07:56.0175] Version does not match.

[*05/11/2026 13:07:56.0175] Request to close the file..

[*05/11/2026 13:07:56.0175] wtpOpenImgFile: image file closed, dcb->fd set to -1.

[*05/11/2026 13:07:56.1995] status 'upgrade.sh: Script called with args:[PRECHECK]'

[*05/11/2026 13:07:56.2475] do PRECHECK, part1 is active part

[*05/11/2026 13:07:56.2844] status 'upgrade.sh: Cleanup tmp files ...'

[*05/11/2026 13:07:56.3253] Directory /tmp/ntevents not found.

[*05/11/2026 13:07:56.3362] status 'upgrade.sh: /tmp space: OK available 120372, required 102400 '

[*05/11/2026 13:07:56.3368] wtpOpenImgFile: request ap1g9, local /tmp/part.tar

[*05/11/2026 13:07:56.3370] wtpOpenImgFile: open (/tmp/part.tar) image file success

[*05/11/2026 13:07:56.3370] Using fd(367191890944) for image writing to file(/tmp/part.tar)

[*05/11/2026 13:07:56.3412] Image Data Request sent to 10.0.207.17, fileName [ap1g9], replicaStatus 1

[*05/11/2026 13:07:56.3429] Image Data Response from 10.0.207.17

[*05/11/2026 13:07:56.3429] AC accepted previous sent request with result code: 0

[*05/11/2026 13:07:56.3645] <.................discarding msg="" capwap_wtp_event_request="" in="" capwap="" state:="" image="" data="" ........discarding="" ....dot11_cfg="" poe_power_mode:="" low_pwr_mode="5," allowed_tx_ant="3," allowed_rx_ant="3</code"/>

AP پس از ارتقاء موفقیت آمیز راه اندازی مجدد می شود

[*05/11/2026 13:12:30.5929] Sending Join request to 10.0.207.17 through port 5248, packet size 1376

[*05/11/2026 13:12:30.6019] Join Response from 10.0.207.17, packet size 1397

[*05/11/2026 13:12:30.6019] AC accepted previous sent request with result code: 0

[*05/11/2026 13:12:30.6020] Received wlcType 0, timer 30

[*05/11/2026 13:12:30.7069] CAPWAP State: Image Data

[*05/11/2026 13:12:30.7077] AP image version 17.15.5.201 backup 17.15.3.28, Controller 17.15.5.201

[*05/11/2026 13:12:30.7079] Version is the same, do not need update.

[*05/11/2026 13:12:30.8916] status 'upgrade.sh: Script called with args:[NO_UPGRADE]'

[*05/11/2026 13:12:30.9365] do NO_UPGRADE, part2 is active part

[*05/11/2026 13:12:30.9594] CAPWAP State: Configure

[*05/11/2026 13:12:30.9625] Telnet is not supported by AP, should not encode this payload

[*05/11/2026 13:12:31.1269] Radio [2] Administrative state DISABLED  change to ENABLED 

[*05/11/2026 13:12:31.1455] DOT11_CFG[2]: 6GHz radio oper disabled. Will switch to single phy mode once the AP reboots.

[*05/11/2026 13:12:31.1470] DOT11_CFG[0]: Bringing up 2.4GHz radio in WW mode.

[*05/11/2026 13:12:31.1470] DOT11_CFG[0]: Starting radio 0

[*05/11/2026 13:12:31.1497] DOT11_DRV[0]: Start Radio0 - Begin

[*05/11/2026 13:12:31.1517] DOT11_DRV[0]: Start Radio0 - End

[*05/11/2026 13:12:31.1672] DOT11_CFG[2]: 6GHz radio oper disabled. Will switch to single phy mode once the AP reboots.

[*05/11/2026 13:12:31.1940] wlan: [0:E:ANY] mlme_ext_vap_up: VAP (mon0) is up, vdev_id:16 pdev_id:0 psoc_id:0

[*05/11/2026 13:12:31.3445] DOT11_CFG[2]: 6GHz radio oper disabled. Will switch to single phy mode once the AP reboots.

[*05/11/2026 13:12:31.4537] Radio Authority: no country code

[*05/11/2026 13:12:31.4580] KDUMP is not supported for this model AP

[*05/11/2026 13:12:31.4612] TLV_MLO_INFO_BASE_MAC_PAYLOAD_msg_enc_cb

[*05/11/2026 13:12:31.4612] Encoding TLV_MLO_INFO_BASE_MAC_PAYLAOD: ee:f4:0c:fa:ee:b0, length=6, tlv_data->sz_ap_mld_basemac=6

[*05/11/2026 13:12:31.6803] DOT11_CFG[2]: 6GHz radio oper disabled. Will switch to single phy mode once the AP reboots.

[*05/11/2026 13:12:31.7380] CAPWAP State: Run

[*05/11/2026 13:12:31.7393] capwap_run_notify:41 Country code not set

[*05/11/2026 13:12:31.9349] AP has joined controller NYC9800-1

[*05/11/2026 13:12:32.0381] DOT11_TXP[0]:Max Power table lookup error [Domain: UN, Chan: 1 reg_pwr: -99 Country: --]

[*05/11/2026 13:12:32.0813] DOT11_CFG[0]: Bringing up 2.4GHz radio in WW mode.

[*05/11/2026 13:12:32.1219] DOT11_DRV[0]: Stop Radio0 - Begin

[*05/11/2026 13:12:32.1226] wlan: [0:I:CMN_MLME] mlme_ext_vap_down: VAP (mon0) is down


[*05/11/2026 13:12:32.1999] Radio Authority: no country code

[*05/11/2026 13:12:32.2771] DOT11_CFG[2]: 6GHz radio oper disabled. Will switch to single phy mode once the AP reboots.

[*05/11/2026 13:12:32.3227] syslog level is being set to 70

[*05/11/2026 13:12:32.3227] 

[*05/11/2026 13:12:32.3428] Previous AP mode is 0, change to 0

[*05/11/2026 13:12:32.3581] Current session mode: ssh, Configured: Telnet-No, SSH-No, Console-Yes

[*05/11/2026 13:12:32.4342] Password from WLC looks to be MD5 encoded.. 

[*05/11/2026 13:12:32.4730] chpasswd: password for user changed

[*05/11/2026 13:12:32.5181] Same LSC mode, no action needed

[*05/11/2026 13:12:32.5313] KDUMP is not supported for this model AP

[*05/11/2026 13:12:32.5977] Same value is already set.

[*05/11/2026 13:12:32.6755] BLE admin config command. ignoring config command

[*05/11/2026 13:12:32.6756] BLE admin config command. ignoring config command

[*05/11/2026 13:12:32.6811] BLE Scan req config command. ignoring config command

[*05/11/2026 13:12:32.6927] Got WSA Server config TLVs

[*05/11/2026 13:12:33.1979] DOT11_CFG[1]: poe_power_mode: low_pwr_mode=5, allowed_tx_ant=15, allowed_rx_ant=15

[*05/11/2026 13:12:33.2038] USB Device Disconnected from the AP

[*05/11/2026 13:12:33.7648] DOT11_TXP[0]:Max Power table lookup error [Domain: UN, Chan: 1 reg_pwr: -99 Country: --A]

[*05/11/2026 13:12:34.2625] AP tag  change to default-policy-tag

[*05/11/2026 13:13:35.6201] Country Code US resolved through Proximity

[*05/11/2026 13:13:35.7234] Country US supports 6GHz band. Will switch to split phy mode after reboot.

[*05/11/2026 13:13:35.7670] AP Rebooting: Reset Reason - Country Code Changed

AP آنلاین و در 9800 WLC ثبت شده است

اتصال مشتری